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Borneo
Borneo (; (インドネシア語:Kalimantan), (マレー語:Borneo)) is the third-largest island in the world and the largest island in Asia. At the geographic center of Maritime Southeast Asia, in relation to major Indonesian islands, it is located north of Java, west of Sulawesi, and east of Sumatra.
The island is divided among three countries: Malaysia and Brunei in the north, and Indonesia to the south. Approximately 73% of the island is Indonesian territory. In the north, the East Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak make up about 26% of the island. Additionally, the Malaysian federal territory of Labuan is situated on a small island just off the coast of Borneo. The sovereign state of Brunei, located on the north coast, comprises about 1% of Borneo's land area. Antipodal to an area of Amazon rainforest, Borneo is itself home to one of the oldest rainforests in the world.
==Etymology==
The island is known by many names; internationally it is known as ''Borneo'', after Brunei, derived from European historical contact with the kingdom in the 16th century during the Age of Exploration. The name ''Brunei'' possibly was initially derived from the Sanskrit word "'" (), meaning either "ocean" or the mythological Varuna, the "god of the ocean." Indonesian natives called it ''Kalimantan,'' which was derived from the Sanskrit word ''Kalamanthana,'' meaning "burning weather island" (to describe its hot and humid tropical weather).〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=archipelago fastfact )〕
Prior to that the island was also known by other names. In 977 Chinese records began to use the term ''Po-ni'' to refer to Borneo or Bruneian Empire. In 1225 it was also mentioned by the Chinese official Chau Ju-Kua(趙汝适). The Javanese manuscript Nagarakretagama, written by Majapahit court poet Mpu Prapanca in 1365, mentioned the island as ''Nusa Tanjungnagara'', which means the island of the Tanjungpura Kingdom.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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